2012年12月英語四級試卷真題（文字版）

　　The Magician

　　The revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginning．

　　When it came to putting on a show,nobody else in the computer industry,or any other industry for that matter，could match Steve Jobs．His product launches，at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an“incredible”new electronic gadget(小器具)in front of an amazed crowd，were the peril,rmances of a master showman．All computers do is fetch and work with numbers，he once exp lained，but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic”．Mr．Jobs，who died recently aged 56，spenthis life packaging that magic into elegantly designed，easy-to-use products．

　　The reaction to his death，with people leaving candles and flowers outside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet，is proof that Mr．Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker．He stood out in three ways-as a technologist，as a corporate(公司的)leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal，functional gadgets．Strangely,it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live．The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning．

　　As a technologist，Mr．Jobs was different because he was not an engineer-and that was his great strength．Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics(關學)，and in making advanced technology simple to use．He repeatedly took an existing but half-formed idea-the mouse-driven computer,the digital music player,the smart phone，the tablet computer(平板電腦)-and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly．Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes in computing，music，telecoms and the news business that were painful for existing firms but welcomed by millions of consumers．

　　Within the wider business world，a man who liked to see himself as fl hippy(嬉皮士)，permanently in rev(It against big companies，ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time．That was partly due to his talents：showmanship，strategic vision，an astonishing attention to detail and，a dictatorial management style which many bosses must have envied，But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory(軌跡)of his life．His fall from grace in the 1980s followed by his return to Apple in l 996 after a period in the wilderness，is an inspiration to any business sperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse．The way in which Mr．Jobs revived the failing company he had co—founded and turned it into the world’s biggest tech firm (bigger even thanBill Gates’sMicrosoft，the company that had outsmarted Apple so-dramatically in the l980s)，sounds like something from a Hollywood movie．

　　But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr．Jobs was the absolute loyalty he managed to inspire in customers．Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of a community，with Mr．Jobs as its leader．And there was indeed a personal link．Apple’s products were designed to accord with the boss，s tastes and to meet his extremely high standards．Every iPhone or MacBook has his fingerprints all over it．H is great achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology,and make the resulting product feel personal．And that is what put Mr．Jobs on the right side of history,as technological innovation(創新)has moved into consumer electronics over the past decade.

　　As our special report in this issue(printed before Mr．Jobs’s death)explains，innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market，but lately this process has gone into reverse．Many people’s homes now have more powerful，and more flexible，devices than their offices do；consumer gadgets and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies’ systems．Familiar consumer products are being adopted by businesses，government and the armed forces．Companies are employing in．house versions of Facebook and creating their own“app stores”to deliver software to employees．Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals．Meanwhile，the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continues to swell．Apple’s products are now being snapped up in Delhi and Dalian just as in Dublin and Dallas．

　　Mr．Jobs had a reputation as a control freak(怪人)，and his critics complained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible，in the name of greater ease of use.Yet he also empowered millions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology. His insistence onputting users first，and focusing on elegance and simplicity，has become deep。rooted in his own company，and is spreading to rival firms too．It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask：“What would Steve Jobs do?”

　　The gap between Apple and other tech firms is now likely to narrow．This week’s announcement of a new iPhone by a management team led by Tim Cook，who replaced Mr．Jobs as chief executive in August，was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring．Without Mr．Jobs to shower his star dust on the event，it felt like just，another product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling of a tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon，whose company is doing the best Job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware，software，content and services in an easy-to-use bundle，there were several attacks at Apple．But by doing his best to imitate Mr．Jobs，Mr．Bezos also．Flattered (抬舉)him．WithMr．Jobs gone，Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable spirit in new products．

　　Mr．Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a“reality distortion(扭曲)field”．such were his powers of persuasion．But in the end he created a reality of his own，channeling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries．The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “put a ding in the universe” did just that．

　　We learn from the first paragraph that nobody could match Steve Jobs in_________.

　　A．intelligence

　　B．showmanship

　　C．magic power

　　D．persuasion skills

Part I Writing(30 minutes)

　　1、Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below(Unemployment rate in 2010)．Please give a brief description the chart first and then make comments on it．You should write at least l20 words but no more than 180 Words

Part II (15 minutes)

　　2、What did Steve Jobs do that most deeply affected people’s way of life?

　　A．He invented lots of functional gadgets．

　　B．He kept improving computer technology.

　　C．He started the era of personal technology．

　　D．He established a new style of leadership.

Part I Writing(30 minutes)

　　2、Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below(Unemployment rate in 2010．Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it．You should write at least 120 words but no more that 180 words．

Part II (15 minutes)

　　3、Where did Mr．Jobs’sgreatstrengthlie?

　　A．His profound insight about consumers needs in general．

　　B．His keen interest in designing elegant and user-friendly gadgets．

　　C．His firm determination to win in the competition against his rivals．

　　D．His rich knowledge as a computer scientist and electronic engineer．

　　4、Many corporate giants saw Steve Jobs as_________．

　　A．one of the greatest chief executives of his time

　　B．a dictator in the contemporary business world

　　C．an unbeatable rival in the computer industry

　　D．the most admirable hippy in today’s world

　　5、For those who have suffered failures in business，Steve Jobs’s life experience serves as_______．

　　A．a symbol

　　B．a standard

　　C．an ideal

　　D．an inspiration

　　6、What was the most astonishing part of Mr．Jobs’ssuccess?

　　A．He turned a failing company into a profitable business．

　　B．He set up personal links with many of his customers．

　　C．He commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users．

　　D．He left his fingerprints all over Apple products．

　　7、What is mentioned in this issue’s special report about innovation nowadays?

　　A．It benefits civilians more than the military．

　　B．New products are first used in the military．

　　C．Many new ideas first appear on the internet．

　　D．It originates in the consumer market．

　　8、In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products，critics complained that they were_______.

　　9、Amazon，bv having hardware，software，content and services in an easy-to-use bundle，did the best job in following Apple’s lead_________．

　　10、By channeling the magic of computing into products，Steve Jobs had succeeded in_________.

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension：11-35

　　11、聽錄音，回答11-47題：

　　點擊播放

　　A．He needs another week for the painting．

　　B．The painting was completed just In time．

　　C．The building won’t open until next week．

　　D．His artistic work has been well received．

　　12、

　　A．Go camping．

　　B．Decorate his house.

　　C．Rent a tent．

　　D．Organize a party．

　　13、

　　A．She talked with Mr．Wright on the phone．

　　B．She is about to call Mr．Wright’s secretary．

　　C．She will see Mr．Wright at lunch time．

　　D．She failed to reach Mr．Wright．

　　14、

　　A．He is actually very hardworking．

　　B．He has difficulty finishing his project．

　　C．He needs to spend more time in the lab．

　　D．He seldom tells the truth about himself．

　　15、

　　A．Rules restricting smoking．

　　B．Ways to quit smoking．

　　C．Smokers’ health problems．

　　D．Hazards of passive smoking．

　　16、

　　A．He is out of town all morning．

　　B．He is tied up in family matters．

　　C．He has been writing a report．

　　D．He has got meetings to attend．

　　17、

　　A．He is not easy—going．

　　B．He is the speakers’boss．

　　C．He is not at home this weekend．

　　D．He seldom invites people to his home．

　　18、

　　A．Take a break．

　　B．Refuel his car．

　　C．Ask the way．

　　D．Have a cup of coffee．

　　19、Questions l9 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard．

　　A．They are as good as historical films．

　　B．They give youngsters a thrill．

　　C．They have greatly improved．

　　D．They are better than comics on film．

　　20、

　　A．The effects were very good．

　　B．The acting was just so—so．

　　C．The plot was too complicated．

　　D．The characters were lifelike．