你知道嗎：7個(gè)不可能翻譯的外語(yǔ)單詞

　　Untranslatable words highlight the rich diversity of the ethnosphere. Geography, climate, cuisine, religion, history and humor are just some of the factors that lead every language to invent such unique and specific words – the outliers of the human experience。不可譯的詞語(yǔ)凸顯了世界民族文化的多樣性。地理環(huán)境、氣候條件、飲食習(xí)慣、宗教信仰、歷史人文和通俗幽默等等因素的綜合作用使每種 語(yǔ)言都生產(chǎn)出獨(dú)特的個(gè)性化的詞語(yǔ)——它們是人類生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)的外層顯現(xiàn)。

　　There are so many great examples of untranslatable words. Here are the first seven。世界上有許多經(jīng)典的不可譯介的單詞，以下是首當(dāng)其沖的七個(gè)。

　　1.abbiocco (Italian)abbiocco(意大利語(yǔ))

　　noun: that sleepy feeling you get after a big meal名詞：指在你大餐一頓之后感到的困乏感

　　Everyone has succumbed to drowsiness after a meal at one time or another, but only the Italians have enshrined the phenomenon in a single word. When you wish you could take a nap after lunch, you’re “having the abbiocco” (avere l’abbiocco)。每個(gè)人都有過(guò)吃飽飯后昏昏欲睡的感覺(jué)，但只有意大利人將這種現(xiàn)象上升為了一個(gè)單詞。當(dāng)你吃完午飯想要睡個(gè)午覺(jué)的時(shí)候，你就“有一 個(gè)abbiocco”。

　　2.desenrascan?o (Portuguese)desenrascan?o(葡萄牙語(yǔ))

　　noun: the ability to improvise a quick solution名詞：指能夠?qū)σ粋€(gè)問(wèn)題快速做出即時(shí)反應(yīng)的能力

　　Desenrascan?o is the M.O. of any high-functioning procrastinator. Not only does it mean to solve a problem or complete a task, it means doing so with a completely improvised solution. Desenrascan?o是一切拖延癥患者臨時(shí)抱佛腳時(shí)的慣用手法。這個(gè)詞不單單指解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題或完成一個(gè)任務(wù)，而是指用完全即興的手法來(lái)完成任務(wù)。

　　3.hyggelig (Danish)hyggelig(丹麥語(yǔ))

　　adj: comfy, cozy; intimate; contented形容詞：感到舒服、舒適；體己；滿足

　　Do you ever wish there was one word to combine everything snuggly, safe, friendly and caring? The Danes have you covered with hyggelig. The word is used so often in daily life that many Danes consider it part of the national character。你是不是也有過(guò)這樣的愿望，希望能有一個(gè)詞概指所有讓人感覺(jué)舒服、安全、友好、溫暖的東西？丹麥人用hyggelig這個(gè)詞滿足了你 的要求。這個(gè)詞在丹麥人的日常生活中使用頻率非常之高，丹麥人將其看成是他們民族性格標(biāo)志之一。

　　4.sobremesa (Spanish)sobremesa(西班牙語(yǔ))

　　noun: after-lunch conversation around the table名詞：指午飯后坐在桌邊的閑聊

　　The Spanish are known for enjoying long meals together, but eating isn’t just about food. When you stay at the table after lunch in order to savor a final course of stimulating conversation, you are indulging in sobremesa。人人都知道西班牙人很喜歡一群人一起吃一頓長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的午餐，不過(guò)吃午餐卻并不只是吃的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)你吃完午飯，留在桌前享受著最后一道菜—— 興奮愉悅的談話時(shí)，你正在享受sobremesa。

　　5.utepils (Norwegian)utepils(挪威語(yǔ))

　　noun: a beer you drink outside名詞：指你在室外享用的一杯啤酒

　　Norwegians must endure a long, dark winter before they can enjoy the brilliant, but brief, summer. So a beer that you can drink outside, while absorbing the sun’s glorious rays, is not just any old beer。對(duì)挪威人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們必須熬過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)、黑暗的冬季，才能享受燦爛而短暫的夏日。所以，當(dāng)你能夠在戶外享受著太陽(yáng)溫暖的光芒，喝上一杯啤酒的時(shí)候，這 杯啤酒就絕不僅僅是啤酒了。

　　6.verschlimmbessern (German)verschlimmbessern(德語(yǔ))

　　verb: to make something worse when trying to improve it動(dòng)詞：指想要做好某事卻反而弄巧成拙

　　We’ve all done this before: by trying to fix a small problem we create a bigger problem. Perhaps you tried to repair a flat tire on your bike, and now the wheel won’t turn? Or after reinstalling Windows your laptop freezes every time you boot up? Oh no, don’t tell me you tried to fix that bad haircut yourself!我們都做過(guò)這樣的事情：想要解決一個(gè)小問(wèn)題，結(jié)果卻制造了一個(gè)大問(wèn)題。是不是有這種情況，你本想修一下爆胎的自行車，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)車輪不 轉(zhuǎn)了？又是不是有這種情況，當(dāng)你重裝了windows系統(tǒng)之后，你的筆記本電腦卻一開(kāi)機(jī)就卡殼？哦，別告訴我你覺(jué)得理發(fā)效果不滿意，就要自己親自操刀！

　　7.yakamoz (Turkish)yakamoz (土耳其語(yǔ))

　　noun: the reflection of moonlight on water名詞：指水面上月亮的倒影

　　No matter which language you speak, from time to time you probably admire the moon’s reflection on a body of water. But unless you’re Turkish it’s impossible to describe this beauty with a single word。無(wú)論你說(shuō)哪種語(yǔ)言，你一定經(jīng)常對(duì)水面上月亮的倒影生出憐愛(ài)之情。然而你卻不能用一個(gè)單詞來(lái)描述這種美景，除非你是土耳其人。

　　（來(lái)源：滬江英語(yǔ)）